Common Pasture Weeds Identification and Management

Create a plan for the management of common pasture weeds. If you are looking to identify pasture weeds by photo, read on. Pasture weeds identification will determine if they are annual, biennial, or perennial weeds. Understanding the three lifecycle types helps us spray at the weed’s most susceptible periods. When creating a management plan, consider identification, timing, and type of herbicide. The most common cause of ineffective herbicide application is wrong timing. The application timing is critical and key to weed control in pastures and hay.

一年生植物

An annual is a plant that completes its entire lifecycle in one year or one growing season. 它们完全来自种子. They grow vegetatively, become reproductive and flower, and produce new seeds within one year.

例子:豚草, Cocklbur, 多刺苋, 蔓陀罗, 黄色的火箭, 紫色薄荷类, 年度毛茛属植物的, 繁缕

Application timing:  The best time to apply herbicide to be most effective is in the seedling stage. 通常在5-6英寸以下. 一定要阅读产品上的标签.

年生植物

A biennial is a plant that takes two years or two growing seasons to complete its lifecycle. These weeds are dependent on seed production to survive. 它们在第一年发芽并长成幼苗. They grow vegetatively and in size during year two and may overwinter as a rosette. 在第二个生长季节, they bolt in upright growth and produce a reproductive stock with a flower and seeds. 然后杂草播种并死亡.

Examples: Wild carrot, Burdock, Common mullein, Thistles

Application timing: The best time to apply herbicide to be most effective is the seedling and rosette stage. 一定要阅读产品上的标签.

一年生除草剂 & 年生植物

• 2,4 - d麦草畏
• Pyridines (GrazonNext HL, DuraCor) – Has residual activity
• 西马伦(在穆林上很棒)

行动方针:每个季节都要侦察牧场, 寻找二年生的莲座花和一年生的幼苗, 在它们很小的时候施用除草剂.

残留除草剂的预防措施

Some active ingredients of herbicides have a relatively long persistence and are referred to as “residual” herbicides. A residual herbicide allows for extended control of weeds. It can also risk chemicals moving off-site through animal manure or hay. Read and follow all labels which outline forage and manure management when using residual herbicides.

多年生植物

A plant that persists from year to year and has a long lifespan. They are not dependent on seed production to help them spread. 它们有时通过植物传播, 或者按根计算, 根状茎(一伸展的地下茎), 或者休眠的芽. They are often the hardest to control because these “perennial storage organs” are energy storage for the plants and may contain buds that can be dormant, 当理想条件出现时, 他们从蓓蕾中长出一株新植物.

Examples: Curly dock, Bladder campion, Dogbane, Milkweed, Chicory

如何管理多年生植物杂草

体育彩票外围平台必须以不同的方式看待多年生植物. Efforts to manage consist of a long-term campaign to weaken underground storage organs.

多年生植物除草剂

• Pyradines (GrazonNext HL, DuraCor, Surmount)(cannot be used in hay settings)
• PastureGard HL, Remedy, Crossbow (better on woody species)
• Remember-immediate top kill is not a good indicator of long-term control

The general pathway of pasture herbicides is to follow the path of sugar flow in the plant. When a perennial has above-ground new growth, the flow of sugar is upward. Try not to spray perennials first coming out in the spring. 初夏时节, the weed has much more growth and an adequate surface area and producing more energy than they need, 糖的流动是向下的, resulting in a more effective time to apply herbicide. During late summer the plant is expending energy to produce flowers and fruit, so the energy flow is again upward resulting in ineffective herbicide application. 多年生植物在秋天结果之后, 它开始转向能源储存, 糖流再次下降, resulting in good timing for herbicide application. Fall tends to be the best time to manage perennials in pastures.

Course of Action: Don’t wait until they are a big problem. 采取措施，以发现喷雾，割草等.，以解决问题. Plan on spraying 2-3 years in a row to correct the problem. 不要害怕在同一年割草和喷洒. 尽量给牧草一个竞争的机会. Don’t overgraze and maintain good levels of pH and fertility.

2023除草剂资源

These resources were developed for weeds in Virginia, 然而, 体育彩票外围平台邻近的几个州也有类似的杂草. Refer to your local Cooperative Extension service for additional information.

For herbicide recipes for the problem weeds on your farm, 查看2023年更新的Hay & 牧草除草剂指南. It provides weed-specific herbicide recipes for broadcast and spot-spray applications, as well as color photos of our most common hay and pasture weeds in Virginia. 

教育视频

Watch a presentation on the topic in the 知识中心 AgHub.  You'll find this information and a recording of the author, 马特·波尔最早, as he covers the topic and provides multiple images of the weeds he discusses in this blog article.  请求免费访问AgHub.

作者:

马特·波尔最早, Extension Agent, Agriculture and Natural 资源 Crop and Soil Sciences

弗吉尼亚合作推广，弗吉尼亚理工大学

Located out of the Rockingham Extension Office and serves the counties of Rockingham, 奥古斯塔, Rockbridge, 浴, 和高地.

Matt produces and publishes The Fenceline newsletter. 订阅请联系马特·波尔最早 mrb260@vt.edu. Matt也可以拨打540-564-3080联系.